Placement matching: challenges and technical progress.

Although it is highly desirable, standardized placement matching for substance use disorders poses challenges due to variability in settings, services, and syndromes; multidimensionality of clinical problems; multiplicity of outcome constructs; and temporal phenomena in the course of recovery. Despite these obstacles, progress is being made in developing patient placement criteria that are comprehensive with adequate reliability, feasibility, and resolution. With these methodological advances, it has been possible to initiate controlled research with placement criteria. The first such studies provide early evidence supporting such criteria and indicate areas for refinement.