Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for mantle cell lymphoma.

This study evaluated the outcomes of patients who underwent high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT) for mantle cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the effect of clinical and treatment characteristics. The clinical outcome and prognostic factors in 40 patients who underwent HDC and autoHSCT for mantle cell lymphoma between June 1991 and August 1998 were analyzed. With a median follow-up of 24 months for the surviving patients (range, 4-68 months), the 2-year overall survival was 65% and the 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was 36%. In univariate analysis, characteristics predictive of a poor EFS were blastic morphology (P = .019) and the patient having received 3 or more prior chemotherapy regimens (P = .004). In a multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with a poor EFS was the number of prior chemotherapy regimens. Those patients who received 3 or more prior therapies had a 2-year EFS of 0%, and those who received <3 therapies had a 2-year EFS of 45% (P = .004). Patients with mantle cell lymphoma can obtain prolonged EFS with HDC and autoHSCT; however, this strategy for prolonged EFS appears to work optimally in patients who are less heavily pretreated. Whether this therapy will increase the overall survival or EFS in patients receiving transplants in first complete remission will need to be tested in prospective randomized clinical trials.