Cognitive and functional recovery at 6 and 12 months post-TBI.

Outcome studies examining recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) often fail to provide a clear understanding of the time course of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural recovery. The present study represents an effort to prospectively study individuals with TBI at fixed intervals, specifically 6 and 12 months post-injury with a window of +/- 1 month. Seventy-two individuals with new-onset TBI underwent neuropsychological evaluation and clinical interview at 6 and 12 months post-injury. Results revealed significant improvements in cognitive abilities, including memory, processing speed, language abilities, and constructional skills. There were significant gains in community integration and involvement in productive activities, but limitations in driving activities remained. Although individuals with mild-moderate TBI performed better than individuals with severe TBI, both groups demonstrated equivalent rates of recovery across domains. The results of this study provide important information regarding the time course of TBI recovery.