Phototaxis in the ciliated protozoan Ophryoglena flava: dose-effect curves and action spectrum determination.

The sensitivity of positive phototactic orientation of cells of the ciliated protozoan Ophryoglena flava has been measured for white light, broad-band blue and red light, and narrow-band monochromatic light, using a laboratory-developed computer aided system. The white-light fluence rate-response curve shows that there is no negative phototaxis in the fluence rate range investigated (0-15 W/m2) and no adaptation phenomena; it is very well fitted by a hyperbolic function; the fluence rate curves under broad band blue and red light (full width at half maximum, FWHM= 100 nm) can be fitted by the same model. The saturation level is, within experimental errors, the same for the three curves, indicating that there are no chromaticity effects and that if there is more than one photoreceptor pigment, they act independently of each other. The fluence rate-response curves determined under narrow band monochromatic light (FWHM = 10 nm) can also be fitted by the same model and show, within experimental errors, the same saturation level. An action spectrum for positive phototaxis at 10-nm intervals has been calculated from fluence rate-response curves: it shows three maxima, at 420, 540 and 590 nm. This action spectrum is significantly different from the ones for photomotile responses in Blepharisma japonicum, Stentor coeruleus and Chlamydodon mnemosyne, whereas it resembles the ones of Paramecium bursaria and Fabrea salina.