OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and severity of fluorosis in permanent incisor teeth in young children in a fluoridated and a fluoride-deficient community and to establish what relationship, if any, there was between the occurrence of dental fluorosis and the reported use of fluoride toothpaste in childhood. DESIGN: A prevalence study of children aged 8-9 years who had been continuous residents in fluoridated Newcastle or fluoride-deficient Northumberland. METHOD: The permanent maxillary central incisor teeth were examined clinically and photographically by one examiner using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index; the photographs were read blind to child identity and clinical score. A closed-response questionnaire enquired into the child's early experiences of toothbrushing and use of fluoride toothpastes. Social deprivation was measured by a Jarman score. The study took place in 1998. OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of dental fluorosis measured by the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 78% (n = 409) and 79% (n = 403) of eligible sampled children in the two areas, respectively. Clinical and photographic results agreed closely and had high reproducibility. The prevalence of fluorosis was 54% in the fluoridated area and 23% in the fluoride-deficient area when all grades (> 0) of fluorosis were included; percentage prevalence of mild to moderate fluorosis (> or = 3) was 3% and 0.5% in the two areas, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that area of residence (odds ratio = 4.5), Jarman score (odds ratio = 0.99 per Jarman unit) and type of toothpaste (odds ratio = 1.6) were statistically significantly related to presence or absence of fluorosis: the risk factors were--fluoridated area, affluence, and use of adult toothpaste. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of aesthetically important dental fluorosis was low, although higher in the fluoridated area. Use of a child's toothpaste (with lower fluoride concentration) could decrease risk in a fluoridated area. Adherence to the guidelines published by the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry is recommended.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and severity of fluorosis in permanent incisor teeth in young children in a fluoridated and a fluoride-deficient community and to establish what relationship, if any, there was between the occurrence of dental fluorosis and the reported use of fluoride toothpaste in childhood. DESIGN: A prevalence study of children aged 8-9 years who had been continuous residents in fluoridated Newcastle or fluoride-deficient Northumberland. METHOD: The permanent maxillary central incisor teeth were examined clinically and photographically by one examiner using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index; the photographs were read blind to child identity and clinical score. A closed-response questionnaire enquired into the child's early experiences of toothbrushing and use of fluoride toothpastes. Social deprivation was measured by a Jarman score. The study took place in 1998. OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of dental fluorosis measured by the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 78% (n = 409) and 79% (n = 403) of eligible sampled children in the two areas, respectively. Clinical and photographic results agreed closely and had high reproducibility. The prevalence of fluorosis was 54% in the fluoridated area and 23% in the fluoride-deficient area when all grades (> 0) of fluorosis were included; percentage prevalence of mild to moderate fluorosis (> or = 3) was 3% and 0.5% in the two areas, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that area of residence (odds ratio = 4.5), Jarman score (odds ratio = 0.99 per Jarman unit) and type of toothpaste (odds ratio = 1.6) were statistically significantly related to presence or absence of fluorosis: the risk factors were--fluoridated area, affluence, and use of adult toothpaste. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of aesthetically important dental fluorosis was low, although higher in the fluoridated area. Use of a child's toothpaste (with lower fluoride concentration) could decrease risk in a fluoridated area. Adherence to the guidelines published by the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry is recommended.
Authors: América P Pontigo-Loyola; Carlo E Medina-Solís; Edith Lara-Carrillo; Nuria Patiño-Marín; Mauricio Escoffié-Ramirez; Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez; Rubén De La Rosa-Santillana; Gerardo Maupomé Journal: Odontology Date: 2012-12-08 Impact factor: 2.634
Authors: Rachel Allibone; Shane J Cronin; Douglas T Charley; Vince E Neall; Robert B Stewart; Clive Oppenheimer Journal: Environ Geochem Health Date: 2010-08-12 Impact factor: 4.609
Authors: Zipporah Iheozor-Ejiofor; Helen V Worthington; Tanya Walsh; Lucy O'Malley; Jan E Clarkson; Richard Macey; Rahul Alam; Peter Tugwell; Vivian Welch; Anne-Marie Glenny Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2015-06-18
Authors: Michael G McGrady; Roger P Ellwood; Michaela Goodwin; Nicola Boothman; Iain A Pretty Journal: BMC Oral Health Date: 2012-02-10 Impact factor: 2.757
Authors: May Cm Wong; Anne-Marie Glenny; Boyd Wk Tsang; Edward Cm Lo; Helen V Worthington; Valeria Cc Marinho Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2010-01-20
Authors: Iain A Pretty; Michael McGrady; Christian Zakian; Roger P Ellwood; Andrew Taylor; Mohammed Owaise Sharif; Timothy Iafolla; E Angeles Martinez-Mier; Patcharawan Srisilapanan; Narumanas Korwanich; Michaela Goodwin; Bruce A Dye Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2012-05-20 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Michael G McGrady; Roger P Ellwood; Andrew Taylor; Anne Maguire; Michaela Goodwin; Nicola Boothman; Iain A Pretty Journal: BMC Oral Health Date: 2012-11-01 Impact factor: 2.757