Functional brain imaging and age-related changes in cognition.

There are a number of age-related structural and physiological changes in the brain that could have implications for cognitive function in the elderly. The impact of these age-related changes in the brain on cognition has been studied using neuroimaging to examine brain activity during tasks of memory, perception and attention, and determine how this activity differs between young and older individuals. It has often been found that older individuals utilize different areas of the brain than do young subjects when carrying out the same cognitive task. This has led some researchers to suggest that older persons utilize different functional brain networks, perhaps to compensate for reductions of efficiency in task-related brain areas. However, data collected to date on this issue are still limited, so although the evidence is intriguing, the definitive interpretation of these findings must await further experiments.