Rhodnius prolixus: effects of the neolignan burchellin on in vivo and in vitro diuresis.

Supplementation of blood with the neolignan burchellin (100 microg/ml), a compound from the arboreous Lauraceae Aniba burchelli, affected the course of excretion of fourth-instar larvae of Rhodnius prolixus, especially directly after feeding, and reduced the volume of feces/urine excreted within 6 h of feeding to about 18% and, on the simultaneous addition of the diuretic hormone analogue 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), about 71% of that observed in untreated bugs. In the latter, 5-HT induced a significant 60% increase in excretion. Regardless of whether Malpighian tubules originating from unfed, untreated or fed, burchellin-treated bugs were incubated in vitro in the hemolymph of these bugs or in physiological saline supplemented with 5-HT with or without burchellin or in homogenates of thoracic ganglionic masses of untreated and treated bugs, burchellin was consistently found to affect the secretion rates. Therefore, burchellin not only depresses the release of the diuretic hormone or induces the release of antidiuretic factors but also directly affects the Malpighian tubules.