Spine update: genetics of familial idiopathic scoliosis.

The etiology of familial idiopathic scoliosis remains in question. The role of genetic factors in the development of this disorder has been well-documented; however, reports of the specific mode of genetic inheritance are inconclusive. These facts, combined with the phenotypic variability of this disorder, suggest that the genetic expression if idiopathic scoliosis may be dependent upon multiple factors and genetic interactions. Strategies to resolve the complex nature of this condition include genome-wide scanning of one extensive family or, alternatively, a well-characterized population of families affected with idiopathic scoliosis.