P Nafstad1, P Magnus, J J Jaakkola. 1. Section of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. per.nafstad@folkehelsa.no
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of early respiratory infections in the development of bronchial obstruction in the first 2 years of life, and asthma by the age of 4 years in the Oslo Birth Cohort, established in 1992-1993. Having older siblings and attendance to a day care center were also considered as proxy measures of early infections. METHODS: A total of 2531 children were followed from birth to 4 years of age. Experiences of respiratory infections were recorded in the follow-up surveys at 6 and 12 months of age, and children with symptoms and signs of bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life were identified and examined. The presence of current asthma was recorded when the children were 4 years old. RESULTS: Children with respiratory infections during infancy had a higher risk of having bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life and of having asthma at 4 years of age. In logistic regression adjusting for confounders including other infections, the risk of asthma at 4 years of age was related to lower respiratory tract infection (odds ratio [OR]: 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-7.0), otitis media (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6), croup (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.2-3.7) in the first year and related to the common cold (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.3-3.1) in the first 6 months of life. The risk of current asthma was inversely related to older siblings after controlling for early respiratory infections. CONCLUSION: Early respiratory infections indicate increased, rather than decreased, risk of developing bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life and of having asthma at 4 years of age.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of early respiratory infections in the development of bronchial obstruction in the first 2 years of life, and asthma by the age of 4 years in the Oslo Birth Cohort, established in 1992-1993. Having older siblings and attendance to a day care center were also considered as proxy measures of early infections. METHODS: A total of 2531 children were followed from birth to 4 years of age. Experiences of respiratory infections were recorded in the follow-up surveys at 6 and 12 months of age, and children with symptoms and signs of bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life were identified and examined. The presence of current asthma was recorded when the children were 4 years old. RESULTS:Children with respiratory infections during infancy had a higher risk of having bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life and of having asthma at 4 years of age. In logistic regression adjusting for confounders including other infections, the risk of asthma at 4 years of age was related to lower respiratory tract infection (odds ratio [OR]: 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-7.0), otitis media (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6), croup (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.2-3.7) in the first year and related to the common cold (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.3-3.1) in the first 6 months of life. The risk of current asthma was inversely related to older siblings after controlling for early respiratory infections. CONCLUSION: Early respiratory infections indicate increased, rather than decreased, risk of developing bronchial obstruction during the first 2 years of life and of having asthma at 4 years of age.
Authors: John Bienenstock; Ryan E Wiley; G Scott Neigh; Susan Waserman; Paul Keith Journal: Clin Rev Allergy Immunol Date: 2002-06 Impact factor: 8.667
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Authors: Tasnee Chonmaitree; Rocio Trujillo; Kristofer Jennings; Pedro Alvarez-Fernandez; Janak A Patel; Michael J Loeffelholz; Johanna Nokso-Koivisto; Reuben Matalon; Richard B Pyles; Aaron L Miller; David P McCormick Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2016-03-28 Impact factor: 7.124