Polyglycerophosphatide metabolism in Escherichia coli.

When Escherichia coli B cells were labelled with [14-C] glycerol and chased, there was a marked sparing of the phosphatidyl moiety compared to the nonacylated glycerol moiety of phosphatidylglycerol. When energy-depleted cells were restored to an energy-rich medium there resulted a conversion of 32-P-labelled cardiolipin to phosphatidylglycerol, a lack of phosphatidic acid accumulation and no loss in total polyglycerophosphatide counts. In cell-free extracts, phosphatidic acid produced from 32-P-labelled cardiolipin by the action of Escherichia coli phosphalipase D, was readily recycled to form poly-glycerophosphatide. In the presence of glycerol, such extracts displayed traansphosphatidylase activity by degrading cardiolipin to phosphatidyglycerol mainly. The results as a whole indicate that the enzyme synthesizing cardiolipin together with cardiolipin-hydrolyzing phospholipase D constitute a cycle which is normally involved in the turnover of polyglycerophosphatides in Escherichia coli.