HIV among older adults: age-specific issues in prevention and treatment.

A substantial and increasing number of people have acquired HIV infections in their later years, as a result of male-to-male sexual contact or blood transfusion. However, heterosexual transmission also occurs, and substance abuse is often a factor. Health and service practitioners need to develop sensitivity to the needs of HIV-infected elderly people and their families. Prevention efforts and education should be incorporated as part of their initial assessment. Issues of treatment regimens, adherence, confidentiality, social support, and nondiscrimination are critical concerns when serving this population.