Liver impairment during chronic hemodialysis and after renal transplantation.

Liver impairment has been evaluated in a consecutive series of 79 patients with chronic renal failure of whom 23 were treated with hemodialysis alone and 37 with hemodialysis and renal transplantation alone. In half of the chronic hemodialysis patients and half of the patients receiving a renal allograft elevation of serum alanine aminotransferases was observed for a shorter or longer period during the study. In half of these cases from both groups the clinical course, laboratory data and liver histology were consistent with virus hepatitis and four patients died from fulminant hepatic failure. In the other half of the patients with elevated transaminases, this was either asymptomatic and unexplained or due to other causes such as septicaemia or urinary leakage. Liver biopsy showed unspecific changes. Renal transplantation was not performed in patients suffering from virus hepatitis, but 12 of the 37 patients who received a renal allograft had elevated aminotransferases at the time of transplantation. In seven of them a marked increase in aminotransferase was observed postoperatively, but none developed clinical sign of liver disease. It is concluded that elevated aminotransferase activity per se is no contraindication to surgical procedures, including renal transplatation, in these patients. However, a liver biopsy should be performed to detect a possible liver disease.