Mature mRNAs accumulated in the nucleus are neither the molecules in transit to the cytoplasm nor constitute a stockpile for gene expression.

In higher eukaryotes, the regulation of pre-mRNA processing is still poorly known. The accumulation of various mature mRNAs, which can be observed in the nuclei of mammalian cells, is suggestive of a regulatory role of transport. However, the significance of these nuclear mRNA is presently unknown. We have used a tetracycline-regulated promoter to investigate the dynamics of these pools of mRNAs upon arrest of transcription. We observed, for beta-globin and LT-alpha genes, a slow disappearance of these mRNA from the nucleus, with an apparent half-life that is similar to their cytoplasmic half-life. In view of these dynamics, these mRNA cannot simply be mature mRNAs in transit to the cytoplasm. They could be mRNAs retained in the nucleus, provided that the regulation of mRNA stability is comparable in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. But, because of their limited stability, these nuclear mRNAs cannot constitute a significant stock for gene expression. Alternatively, they could reflect a bidirectional transport of mRNA, that is, to and from the cytoplasm, which would provide a direct explanation for the similarity in both compartments of their half-life and poly(A) tail shortening over time.