Alterations of basement membrane in di-isopropanolnitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis of the rat thyroid gland: an immunohistochemical study.

Alterations of basement membrane (BM) in di-isopropanolnitrosamine (DIPN)-induced carcinogenesis of the rat thyroid gland were examined by means of immunohistochemical localization of collagen type IV (CN-IV), laminin (LN), and fibronectin (FN) in prenodular and nodular thyroid lesions, correlating with the morphogenesis and proliferative activity of these lesions. Adult male rats of the Wistar strain were injected s.c. in the back with DIPN, and the thyroid glands were removed at the 15th and 30th week of treatment. Each of 133 thyroid lesions was histochemically analyzed. The follicular epithelial BM as revealed by CN-IV and LN was discontinued or completely lost during the progression of thyroid lesions from pre-nodular to nodular lesions and finally overt carcinomas. At the same time, the BM of vascular endothelial cells demonstrated a loss of dense capillary networks of follicles, a sinusoidal dilatation and, predominantly in carcinomas, development of interstitial-type blood vessels. However, FN, which was hardly stained in the normal thyroid tissue, was remarkably deposited in the interstitium of invasive carcinomas. These observations strongly suggested that alterations of BM structure play a key role in the morphogenesis of rat thyroid tumors, and that the expression of FN is an important step in the invasive growth of thyroid tumors.