Myenteric neurons activate submucosal vasodilator neurons in guinea pig ileum.

This study examined whether myenteric neurons activate submucosal vasodilator pathways in in vitro combined submucosal-myenteric plexus preparations from guinea pig ileum. Exposed myenteric ganglia were electrically stimulated, and changes in the outside diameter of submucosal arterioles were monitored in adjoining tissue by videomicroscopy. Stimulation up to 18 mm from the recording site evoked large TTX-sensitive vasodilations in both orad and aborad directions. In double-chamber baths, which isolated the stimulating myenteric chamber from the recording submucosal chamber, hexamethonium or the muscarinic antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-(2-chloroethyl)-piperdine hydrochloride (4-DAMP) almost completely blocked dilations when superfused in the submucosal chamber. When hexamethonium was placed in the myenteric chamber approximately 50% of responses were hexamethonium sensitive in both orad and aboard orientations. The addition of 4-DAMP or substitution of Ca(2+)-free, 12 mM Mg(2+) solution did not cause further inhibition. These results demonstrate that polysynaptic pathways in the myenteric plexus projecting orad and aborad can activate submucosal vasodilator neurons. These pathways could coordinate intestinal blood flow and motility.