A framework for doctoral education in health administration and policy.

The fundamental building block upon which the whole edifice of education for health services administration rests is doctoral education. Programs can be no better than the quantity and quality of doctoral graduates available to them. In turn, these graduates can be no better than the programs in which they were trained. The purpose of the present paper is to propose a framework for analyzing five different types of doctoral programs in health services administration and policy. First, five models of doctoral education in health services administration and policy are proposed and described. Second, the advantages and disadvantages of each of these models are described fro the viewpoint of the producer. Third, the most appropriate matches of program types and customer orientations are outlined. The basic premise of the paper is that the employers of doctoral graduates occupy (implicitly or explicitly) a limited set of market niches. No single doctoral program can meet the needs of all potential employers. Nor should the potential employer expect that all program types will produce graduates equally capable of meeting their needs.