Toxic megacolon in Salmonella colitis: report of two cases.

Toxic megacolon is a complication that usually presents in inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. It also occurs in typhoid fever, acute bacillary dysentery, amebic colitis, ischemic colitis, pseudomembranous colitis and severe salmonellosis. This report describes the occurrence of toxic megacolon in two young children with Salmonella colitis manifesting as abdominal distension, diarrhea and fever. The clinical course of these two cases suggests that toxic megacolon is a severe complication of salmonellosis in children, irrespective of the use of antibiotics. In the light of its paucity in children and severity, accurate diagnosis and appropriate intensive medical-surgical management is essential.