The impact of beta-blockade on mortality rates in patients with congestive heart failure.

The beneficial effects of beta-adrenergic blockade on mortality rates in patients after a myocardial infarction have been clear for decades. The efficacy data are now just as apparent for patients with heart failure. Although there are many subgroups of patients in whom the mortality effects of beta-blockers are not proven, knowledge about these specific populations continues to increase. Nevertheless, more information is needed so that we can properly tailor our therapy for individual patients.