Tubal ligation and risk of cervical cancer. The World Health Organiztion Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives.

Data from a hospital-based case-control study collected in eight countries were analyzed to determine whether tubal ligation alters risk of invasive squamous-cell cervical cancer. Study subjects included 2339 cases aged 22 to 64 years with newly diagnosed squamous cell cervical cancer in 10 participating medical centers, and 13,506 hospitalized controls matched on age and place of residence to the cases. After adjustment for age, center, caesarian section, number of live births, number of marriages or other sexual relationships, age at first sexual relationship, and frequency of Pap smears, a small decrease in risk was observed during the first 5 postoperative years. Tubal ligation probably provides an opportunity for secondary prevention of cervical cancer.