OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the alveolar dead space volume (V(D)alv), expressed as a percentage of the alveolar tidal volume (V(D)alv/V(T)alv), can predict the degree of vascular occlusion caused by pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: Fifty-three subjects with suspected PE were prospectively studied. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed in 33 by high-probability ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan (n = 19) or by pulmonary arteriography (PAG, n = 14). Pulmonary embolism was excluded by PAG in 20 subjects. The V(D)alv/V(T)alv was determined from volumetric capnography and arterial blood gas analysis, which permits measurement of the physiologic dead space, V(D)phys (mL) = [(PaCO2 - PeCO2)/PaCO2]. tidal volume. Airway dead space (V(D)aw) was subtracted to yield the alveolar dead space [(V(D)phys - V(D)aw) = V(D)alv (mL)]; the percentage of alveolar volume occupied by alveolar dead space per breath = V(D)alv/V(T)alv x 100%. Percentage perfusion defect was determined from V/Q scans by a radiologist blinded to other data. Regression analysis was performed to show correlation between V(D)alv/V(T)alv and defect on V/Q scan or systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP). RESULTS: For subjects with PE, the mean perfusion defect on lung scan was 38 +/- 22%; the mean V(D)alv = 208 +/- 115 mL, V(T)alv = 452 +/- 251 mL, and V(D)alv/V(T)alv = 43 +/- 18%. Regression of V(D)alv/V(T)alv vs perfusion defect yielded r2 = 0.41. Regression of V(D)alv/V(T)alv vs pulmonary artery pressures yielded r2 = 0.59. For subjects without PE, V(D)alv/V(T)alv = 27 +/- 14% and V(D)alv = 89 +/- 66 mL. CONCLUSIONS: The V(D)alv/V(T)alv correlates with the lung perfusion defect and the pulmonary artery pressures in subjects with PE. These findings show the potential for V(D)alv/V(T)alv to quantify the embolic burden of PE.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the alveolar dead space volume (V(D)alv), expressed as a percentage of the alveolar tidal volume (V(D)alv/V(T)alv), can predict the degree of vascular occlusion caused by pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: Fifty-three subjects with suspected PE were prospectively studied. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed in 33 by high-probability ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan (n = 19) or by pulmonary arteriography (PAG, n = 14). Pulmonary embolism was excluded by PAG in 20 subjects. The V(D)alv/V(T)alv was determined from volumetric capnography and arterial blood gas analysis, which permits measurement of the physiologic dead space, V(D)phys (mL) = [(PaCO2 - PeCO2)/PaCO2]. tidal volume. Airway dead space (V(D)aw) was subtracted to yield the alveolar dead space [(V(D)phys - V(D)aw) = V(D)alv (mL)]; the percentage of alveolar volume occupied by alveolar dead space per breath = V(D)alv/V(T)alv x 100%. Percentage perfusion defect was determined from V/Q scans by a radiologist blinded to other data. Regression analysis was performed to show correlation between V(D)alv/V(T)alv and defect on V/Q scan or systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP). RESULTS: For subjects with PE, the mean perfusion defect on lung scan was 38 +/- 22%; the mean V(D)alv = 208 +/- 115 mL, V(T)alv = 452 +/- 251 mL, and V(D)alv/V(T)alv = 43 +/- 18%. Regression of V(D)alv/V(T)alv vs perfusion defect yielded r2 = 0.41. Regression of V(D)alv/V(T)alv vs pulmonary artery pressures yielded r2 = 0.59. For subjects without PE, V(D)alv/V(T)alv = 27 +/- 14% and V(D)alv = 89 +/- 66 mL. CONCLUSIONS: The V(D)alv/V(T)alv correlates with the lung perfusion defect and the pulmonary artery pressures in subjects with PE. These findings show the potential for V(D)alv/V(T)alv to quantify the embolic burden of PE.
Authors: Ryan W Morgan; Hannah R Stinson; Heather Wolfe; Robert B Lindell; Alexis A Topjian; Vinay M Nadkarni; Robert M Sutton; Robert A Berg; Todd J Kilbaugh Journal: Crit Care Med Date: 2018-03 Impact factor: 7.598
Authors: Luca Masotti; Marc Righini; Nicolas Vuilleumier; Fabio Antonelli; Giancarlo Landini; Roberto Cappelli; Patrick Ray Journal: Vasc Health Risk Manag Date: 2009-07-14