A simple rosette assay for demonstration of complement receptor sites using complement-coated zymosan beads.

In the present article we describe a simple rosette assay for detection of C3 receptor-bearing B lymphocytes with complement (C)-coated zymosan (Zy) beads. Zy coated with murine or human C bound to a distinct population of human and mouse lymphocytes as well as to the majority of lymphoblastoid cells of several human established cell lines. Rosette formation was also observed with human red blood cells, with human monocytes and neutrophils. Experiments with anti-immunoglobulin sera, with other B and T cell markers and with mouse thymocytes proved that the capacity to bind C-coated Zy is primarily a feature of B lymphocytes. The following findings suggested that C-coated Zy is bound via receptor sites for the activated components of C3: (a) Zy coated with C3-deficient serum failed to bind, (b) comparable percentages of various lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells formed rosettes with C-coated Zy as well as with antibody and C-coated sheep red blood cells, and (c) antibodies against human or murine C3 inhibited the binding of C-coated Zy.