Expression of the E2F family of transcription factors during murine development.

The E2F family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in the control of cell cycle progression and regulation of cellular proliferation, both processes fundamental to mammalian development. In the present study, we have examined the levels of expression of the six currently identified E2F proteins in murine embryos/fetuses as a function of gestational age, compared the expression of these six proteins in selected developing and adult tissues, and examined E2F expression in the embryonic murine palate, a tissue in which perturbation of proliferation is associated with induction of cleft palate. Our results indicate that: 1) multiple forms of individual E2F family members are present in embryonic, fetal and adult cells/tissues; 2) each of the six E2Fs is expressed in a tissue specific manner in both adult and embryonic/fetal organs; 3) certain forms of individual E2F family members are preferentially detected in adult tissues, whereas others are preferentially expressed in embryonic/fetal tissues; 4) expression of the various E2Fs and their isoforms follows distinct temporal patterns during murine gestation; and 5) individual E2F family members also exhibit differential patterns of temporal expression during murine palatogenesis.