BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The effects of hypothermia on global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and glucose utilization (CGU) have been extensively studied, but less information exists on a local cerebral level. We investigated the effects of normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia on local CBF (LCBF) and local CGU (LCGU). METHODS: Thirty-six rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (1 MAC) and artificially ventilated to maintain normal PaCO(2) (alpha-stat). Pericranial temperature was maintained normothermic (37.5 degrees C, n=12) or was reduced to 35 degrees C (n=12) or 32 degrees C (n=12). Pericranial temperature was maintained constant for 60 min until LCBF and LCGU were measured with autoradiography. Twelve conscious rats served as normothermic control animals. RESULTS: Normothermic anesthesia significantly increased mean CBF compared with conscious control animals (29%, P<0.05). Mean CBF was reduced to control values with mild hypothermia and to 30% below control animals with moderate hypothermia (P<0.05). Normothermic anesthesia reduced mean CGU by 44%. No additional effects were observed during mild hypothermia. Moderate hypothermia resulted in a further reduction in mean CGU (41%, P<0.05). Local analysis showed linear relationships between LCBF and LCGU in normothermic conscious (r=0.93), anesthetized (r=0.92), and both hypothermic groups (35 degrees C r=0. 96, 32 degrees C r=0.96, P<0.05). The LCBF-to-LCGU ratio increased from 1.5 to 2.5 mL/micromol during anesthesia (P<0.05), remained at 2.4 mL/micromol during mild hypothermia, and decreased during moderate hypothermia (2.1 mL/micromol, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Anesthesia and hypothermia induce divergent changes in mean CBF and CGU. However, local analysis demonstrates a well-maintained linear relationship between LCBF and LCGU during normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The effects of hypothermia on global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and glucose utilization (CGU) have been extensively studied, but less information exists on a local cerebral level. We investigated the effects of normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia on local CBF (LCBF) and local CGU (LCGU). METHODS: Thirty-six rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (1 MAC) and artificially ventilated to maintain normal PaCO(2) (alpha-stat). Pericranial temperature was maintained normothermic (37.5 degrees C, n=12) or was reduced to 35 degrees C (n=12) or 32 degrees C (n=12). Pericranial temperature was maintained constant for 60 min until LCBF and LCGU were measured with autoradiography. Twelve conscious rats served as normothermic control animals. RESULTS: Normothermic anesthesia significantly increased mean CBF compared with conscious control animals (29%, P<0.05). Mean CBF was reduced to control values with mild hypothermia and to 30% below control animals with moderate hypothermia (P<0.05). Normothermic anesthesia reduced mean CGU by 44%. No additional effects were observed during mild hypothermia. Moderate hypothermia resulted in a further reduction in mean CGU (41%, P<0.05). Local analysis showed linear relationships between LCBF and LCGU in normothermic conscious (r=0.93), anesthetized (r=0.92), and both hypothermic groups (35 degrees C r=0. 96, 32 degrees C r=0.96, P<0.05). The LCBF-to-LCGU ratio increased from 1.5 to 2.5 mL/micromol during anesthesia (P<0.05), remained at 2.4 mL/micromol during mild hypothermia, and decreased during moderate hypothermia (2.1 mL/micromol, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Anesthesia and hypothermia induce divergent changes in mean CBF and CGU. However, local analysis demonstrates a well-maintained linear relationship between LCBF and LCGU during normothermic and hypothermic anesthesia.
Authors: Laura A Wilding; Joe A Hampel; Basma M Khoury; Stacey Kang; David Machado-Aranda; Krishnan Raghavendran; Jean A Nemzek Journal: J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci Date: 2017-03-01 Impact factor: 1.232