Basic biology of the meniscus and response to injury.

This brief description of the basic biology of the meniscus helps to demonstrate that the menisci are an integral part of the complex biomechanics of the knee. Without the menisci, the normal knee joint function is severely diminished. Lack of the menisci typically leads to progressive degenerative joint disease of the knees. Efforts must be continued to find better methods and techniques to manage meniscus injuries. Improved therapy will help minimize the late instability of the joint, decrease pain associated with loss of the meniscus, minimize or prevent degenerative joint changes, and obviate the need for multiple surgical procedures. Specific targets should include improved methods of meniscectomy, new and better techniques of repair for meniscus tears, methods to enhance the cellular response for healing of meniscus tissue, and, finally, new ways to regenerate lost or damaged tissue.