Ion channels and epilepsy in man and mouse.

Inherited disorders of voltage-gated ion channels are a recently recognized etiology of epilepsy in the developing and mature central nervous system. Two human epilepsy syndromes, benign familial neonatal convulsions and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, represent K+ and Na+ channelopathies, and other newly defined syndromes have now been mapped to chromosomal regions that are rich in ion channel genes. Experimental mouse models promise a resolution of their intriguing pathophysiology, which includes a diverse array of cellular phenotypes consistent with the differential contributions of individual channels to excitability in neural networks.