Health implications of musculoskeletal fitness.

Although it is well documented that physical activity participation can bring about improvements in musculoskeletal fitness, related health implications have only been substantiated in the elderly. Currently, interpretations of the results of musculoskeletal fitness appraisals for the general population are based largely on an intuitive belief that enhanced musculoskeletal fitness is associated with higher levels of health throughout adulthood. Musculoskeletal fitness was measured in 312 females and 259 males aged 15-69 years. Health levels were determined using two previously validated questionnaires and expressed as composite health scores derived from principal components analysis. Grip strength, push strength, pull strength, push-ups, and trunk forward flexion were significant predictors of health scores after controlling for the potentially confounding effects of gender age, aerobic fitness, waist circumference, and smoking status. These findings indicate that musculoskeletal fitness is related to health in males and females aged 15 to 69 years.