[Subjective health and health behavior of children and adolescents--a survey of Hamburg students within the scope of school medical examination].

The subjectively perceived health of children and adolescents has received little attention in Public Health research so far. In co-operation with school physicians of Hamburg, Eimsbuettel, 1,501 children and adolescents (grades 4 and 8, as well as their parents) were questioned with regard to health-related quality of life and health behaviour, using among others the short form of the KINDL Quality of Life Questionnaire and established psychosocial instruments. High values in the KINDL scale were found in 75% of the students, the mean value of the 0-100 transformed KINDL total scale was around 80. Adolescents--and in this group specifically the girls--reported significantly lower quality of life scores. Psychosocial strain, presence of disease and school absenteeism were negatively associated with quality of life ratings. Health-related behaviours in terms of resources in the area of food intake and risk behaviours in terms of addiction, obesity and stressors correlated with subjective health as expected. In multiple regressions these factors explained 20% of the KINDL-score variance in the total group. Taking into account indicators of functional status and life satisfaction, the percentage of explained variance increased to over 50%; here these predictors yielded a correct classification of high vs. low self-reported quality of life in 90% of the cases. The study shows that subjective health is a methodologically adequate and scientifically interesting indicator which in the public health area can be used in epidemiological research, in health reporting and in school physicians' practice to identify young persons with quality of life impairments in order to provide early and in-focus support to this group.