Salmonella typhimurium-induced reactivation of latent HIV-1 in promonocytic U1 cells is inhibited by trovafloxacin.

We have previously reported that virulent Salmonella typhimurium induces replication of latent HIV-1 in U1 cells, via activation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. In the present study, we show that Trovafloxacin, a new quinolone antibiotic, inhibits S. typhimurium-induced TNF-alpha production and HIV-1 replication. In addition, Trovafloxacin inhibits TNF-alpha-induced reactivation of latent HIV-1 in U1 cells. The concentrations of Trovafloxacin that inhibited HIV-1 replication are comparable to the plasma and tissue levels achieved by therapeutic dosage used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, Trovafloxacin is a potential candidate for adjunct therapy in HIV-1 infection.