Opioids: similarity between evaluations of subjective effects and animal self-administration results.

Abuse potential studies of 33 morphine-like analgesics were compared in humans and monkeys. The results of intravenous self-administration studies in rhesus monkeys were correlated with measures of morphine-like signs, symptoms, and subjective effects in ex-addicts. Each set of data was assigned to a position in a 3 x 3 contingency table dependent upon whether the results were yes, no, or equivocal. Of the 33 drugs, 29 were given identical classifications in both the human and animal test procedures. This good concordance between the human and animal results further validates each procedure and suggests the possibility that both the human and animal procedures are measuring a common underlying pharmacological property which relates to abuse potential of drugs.