AIMS: To determine the prevalence of anaemia among HIV-positive and -negative drug users, estimate the incidence of anaemia among HIV-positive drug users and study risk factors for prevalent anaemia with emphasis on HIV infection, gender and drug use behaviour. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study among HIV-positive and HIV-negative drug users (n = 360) and a longitudinal study among HIV-positive drug users (n = 175, 860 visits) participating in a cohort study of drug users in Amsterdam. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported data on socio-demographics, drug use behaviour and zidovudine and protease inhibitor therapy on regular cohort visits. Laboratory determinations of haemoglobin concentration, CD4(+)-cell counts and HIV-1 RNA. FINDINGS: The prevalence of anaemia was 21.1% among participating drug users according to the WHO definition. The incidence of anaemia in HIV-positive individuals was 33.0/100 person-years. The main risk factor for anaemia was high frequency of injecting drugs. A Quetelet body mass index < or = 20 and female gender were also positively and significantly related to anaemia in the cross-sectional study. In the longitudinal study among HIV-positive drug users progression of HIV infection indicated by low CD4(+)-cell count and AIDS diagnosis were predictive of anaemia. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that drug users in the Amsterdam cohort study have a high prevalence of anaemia, which can be explained mainly by high frequency of injecting drugs and HIV infection progression. Reduction or cessation of injecting drug use should reduce anaemia.
AIMS: To determine the prevalence of anaemia among HIV-positive and -negative drug users, estimate the incidence of anaemia among HIV-positive drug users and study risk factors for prevalent anaemia with emphasis on HIV infection, gender and drug use behaviour. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study among HIV-positive and HIV-negative drug users (n = 360) and a longitudinal study among HIV-positive drug users (n = 175, 860 visits) participating in a cohort study of drug users in Amsterdam. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported data on socio-demographics, drug use behaviour and zidovudine and protease inhibitor therapy on regular cohort visits. Laboratory determinations of haemoglobin concentration, CD4(+)-cell counts and HIV-1 RNA. FINDINGS: The prevalence of anaemia was 21.1% among participating drug users according to the WHO definition. The incidence of anaemia in HIV-positive individuals was 33.0/100 person-years. The main risk factor for anaemia was high frequency of injecting drugs. A Quetelet body mass index < or = 20 and female gender were also positively and significantly related to anaemia in the cross-sectional study. In the longitudinal study among HIV-positive drug users progression of HIV infection indicated by low CD4(+)-cell count and AIDS diagnosis were predictive of anaemia. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that drug users in the Amsterdam cohort study have a high prevalence of anaemia, which can be explained mainly by high frequency of injecting drugs and HIV infection progression. Reduction or cessation of injecting drug use should reduce anaemia.
Authors: José A Mata-Marín; Jesús E Gaytán-Martínez; Rosa E Martínez-Martínez; Carla I Arroyo-Anduiza; José L Fuentes-Allen; Moisés Casarrubias-Ramirez Journal: BMC Res Notes Date: 2010-08-20
Authors: Kaibalya Ranjan Dash; Lalit Kumar Meher; P K Hui; S K Behera; S N Nayak Journal: Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus Date: 2014-09-28 Impact factor: 0.900
Authors: Eduardo J Santiago-Rodríguez; Angel M Mayor; Diana M Fernández-Santos; Yelitza Ruiz-Candelaria; Robert F Hunter-Mellado Journal: BMC Res Notes Date: 2014-07-08