E-selectin can mediate the arrest type of adhesion of colon cancer cells under physiological shear flow.

The aim of this study was to determine whether colon cancer cells flowing in blood exhibit the same adhesion pattern to the vascular bed as leucocytes using a flow adhesion system. In shear flow conditions, five colon cancer cell lines showed less tethering to E-selectin substrates than polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). However, some of the Colo201 cells formed complete arrest on E-selectin in continuous shear flow which was never observed in PMN cells. Colo201 cells expressed both sialyl Le-x and sialyl Le-a at similar levels in flow cytometry. However, the staining pattern showed marked contrast under the fluorescein microscope. The cell membrane of Colo201 cells was uniformly stained with anti-sialyl Le-a MAb, whereas anti-sialyl Le-x MAb only stained in the patchy areas. Pretreatment of Colo201 cells with anti-sLe-a decreased tethering, while anti-sLe-x significantly inhibited the arrest formation. Our data suggest that E-selectin alone can mediate colon cancer cell lodgement and subsequent metastasis without the contribution of integrin molecules and that the different distribution of E-selectin ligands may affect the adhesion behaviour of colon cancer cells in flow conditions.