The putative iron transport system SitABCD encoded on SPI1 is required for full virulence of Salmonella typhimurium.

Salmonella typhimurium is an invasive pathogen that causes diseases ranging from mild gastroenteritis to enteric fever. During the infection process, S. typhimurium induces a number of virulence genes required to circumvent host defences and/or acquire nutrients in the host. We have used the in vivo expression technology (IVET) system to select for S. typhimurium genes that are induced after invasion of a murine cultured cell line. We have characterized a putative iron transporter in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1, termed sitABCD. The sitABCD operon is induced under iron-deficient conditions in vitro and is repressed by Fur. This locus is induced in the animal specifically after invasion of the intestinal epithelium. We show that a sit null mutant is significantly attenuated in BALB/c mice, suggesting that SitABCD plays an important role in iron acquisition in the animal.