Are children living near high-voltage power lines at increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia?

In the National Cancer Institute/Children's Cancer Group case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1989-1993), living in a home with a high-voltage wire code was not associated with disease risk. To further investigate risk near power lines, the authors analyzed distance to transmission and three-phase primary distribution lines within 40 m of homes and created an exposure index of distance and strength of multiple power lines (408 case-control pairs). Neither distance nor exposure index was related to risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, although both were associated with in-home magnetic field measurements. Residence near high-voltage lines did not increase risk.