HIV in pregnancy and early childhood.

Each year, in the UK, around 300 children are born to women who are infected with HIV. In this article, we review the management of HIV infection in pregnancy and early childhood. This issue is particularly complex as it involves screening for, and the need to treat, HIV in the pregnant woman and her baby, measures to prevent mother-to-baby (vertical) transmission of infection and the use of antiretroviral drugs outside their licensed indications.