M H Tseng1, S M Chow. 1. School of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C. mhtseng@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated differences in perceptual-motor measures and sustained attention between children with slow and normal handwriting speed and the relationship between these factors. METHOD: Thirty-four slow handwriters and 35 normal speed handwriters (7 to 11 years of age) attending elementary schools in Taiwan were given three perceptual-motor tests and a vigilance task to assess sustained attention. Performances on these measures were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and regression analyses. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between slow and normal handwriters in upper-limb coordination, visual memory, spatial relation, form constancy, visual sequential memory, figure ground, visual-motor integration, and sustained attention. The three significant predictors of handwriting speed for the slow handwriters were age, visual sequential memory, and visual-motor integration. For the normal speed handwriters, age and upper-limb speed and dexterity were the only two significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Slow and normal speed handwriters responded to handwriting demands through different perceptual-motor systems. Whereas upper-limb speed and dexterity seems to play an important role in normal speed handwriters, slow handwriters seem to rely more on visually directed processes, including sequence memory and visual-motor integration.
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated differences in perceptual-motor measures and sustained attention between children with slow and normal handwriting speed and the relationship between these factors. METHOD: Thirty-four slow handwriters and 35 normal speed handwriters (7 to 11 years of age) attending elementary schools in Taiwan were given three perceptual-motor tests and a vigilance task to assess sustained attention. Performances on these measures were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and regression analyses. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between slow and normal handwriters in upper-limb coordination, visual memory, spatial relation, form constancy, visual sequential memory, figure ground, visual-motor integration, and sustained attention. The three significant predictors of handwriting speed for the slow handwriters were age, visual sequential memory, and visual-motor integration. For the normal speed handwriters, age and upper-limb speed and dexterity were the only two significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Slow and normal speed handwriters responded to handwriting demands through different perceptual-motor systems. Whereas upper-limb speed and dexterity seems to play an important role in normal speed handwriters, slow handwriters seem to rely more on visually directed processes, including sequence memory and visual-motor integration.
Authors: David B Reuben; Susan Magasi; Heather E McCreath; Richard W Bohannon; Ying-Chih Wang; Deborah J Bubela; William Z Rymer; Jennifer Beaumont; Rose Marie Rine; Jin-Shei Lai; Richard C Gershon Journal: Neurology Date: 2013-03-12 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Ying-Chih Wang; Susan R Magasi; Richard W Bohannon; David B Reuben; Heather E McCreath; Deborah J Bubela; Richard C Gershon; William Z Rymer Journal: J Hand Ther Date: 2011-07-28 Impact factor: 1.950
Authors: Sabrina Gerth; Annegret Klassert; Thomas Dolk; Michael Fliesser; Martin H Fischer; Guido Nottbusch; Julia Festman Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2016-09-12