OBJECTIVE: To analyze the pattern of connexin43 gene and protein expression in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. DESIGN: Controlled clinical study. SETTING: An academic research center. PATIENT(S): Women with 28-day menstrual cycles who had mechanical infertility and failed to conceive after IVF treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial and blood samples were collected on days 8, 12, 14, 21, and 25 of spontaneous menstrual cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial expression of connexin43 protein and messenger RNA, endometrial thickness, and serum concentrations of gonadotropins and steroids. RESULT(S): The expression of connexin43 gene and protein decreased on day 12 and day 14 of the menstrual cycle and then increased on day 21 and day 25, respectively. A serum LH surge accompanied by a peak in the FSH concentration was observed on days 12-14. The progesterone concentration increased on days 21-25, but there was no significant change in the E2 concentration. The thickness of the endometrium increased between days 8 and 12 and did not change further between days 21 and 25. CONCLUSION(S): The expression of connexin43 gene and protein in human endometrium changes during the menstrual cycle in a pattern that is associated with the secretion of LH, FSH, and progesterone. This pattern may serve as a marker for implantation competence.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the pattern of connexin43 gene and protein expression in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. DESIGN: Controlled clinical study. SETTING: An academic research center. PATIENT(S): Women with 28-day menstrual cycles who had mechanical infertility and failed to conceive after IVF treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial and blood samples were collected on days 8, 12, 14, 21, and 25 of spontaneous menstrual cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial expression of connexin43 protein and messenger RNA, endometrial thickness, and serum concentrations of gonadotropins and steroids. RESULT(S): The expression of connexin43 gene and protein decreased on day 12 and day 14 of the menstrual cycle and then increased on day 21 and day 25, respectively. A serum LH surge accompanied by a peak in the FSH concentration was observed on days 12-14. The progesterone concentration increased on days 21-25, but there was no significant change in the E2 concentration. The thickness of the endometrium increased between days 8 and 12 and did not change further between days 21 and 25. CONCLUSION(S): The expression of connexin43 gene and protein in human endometrium changes during the menstrual cycle in a pattern that is associated with the secretion of LH, FSH, and progesterone. This pattern may serve as a marker for implantation competence.
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