Auditory responses from the frontal cortex in the short-tailed fruit bat Carollia perspicillata.

Based on neuroanatomical findings it was hypothesized that an area in the bat frontal cortex is part of a sensorimotor feedback loop and probably important to goal-directed behaviors guided by auditory information. The present report describes the basic stimulus preferences and response properties of neurons from this area in the short-tailed fruit bat Carollia perspicillata. Responses to acoustic stimuli mimicking biosonar pulse-echo (i.e. FM-FM) combinations were found to be facilitated throughout but only rarely exhibited tuning to pulse-echo delay. As opposed to the often sharply delay-tuned FM-FM neurons in the species' auditory cortex, frontal cortical FM-FM neurons seem to be suited for indicating the presence of an insonified object irrespective of its distance and hence are likely to function as novelty detectors and to trigger changes in the bats' orientation behavior.