Tissue expansion in head and neck burn reconstruction.

The advent of tissue expansion has provided a useful tool for the reconstructive burn surgeon. As with many new techniques, there was an initial wave of enthusiasm surrounding the introduction of tissue expansion to burn reconstruction in the 1980s. High complication rates and many dissatisfying results followed. After early widespread use of tissue expansion, the authors have settled on a more refined approach to the reconstruction of head, neck, and facial burns. Today, head and neck burn reconstruction is accomplished best with a combination of skin grafting, local flaps, and occasional free flaps in addition to tissue expansion. In carefully selected head and neck burn patients and in many burn alopecia patients, tissue expansion can provide excellent functional and aesthetic results, with minimal donor site morbidity.