OBJECTIVE: To assess commercial macroaggregated albumin (MAA) reagent kits for compliance with particle-size parameters needed for proper clinical evaluation of pulmonary shunts (right-to-left). DESIGN: Comparative trial. SETTING: Nuclear pharmacy (laboratory setting). PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS: Minimally, 90% of the particles contained within an MAA reagent kit should be within the 10 to 90 microns range with minimal variation in particle size distribution and as few small particles (i.e., < 10 microns) as possible. Five separate vials from five commercial brands of MAA reagent kits were obtained, and 500 to 517 particles were analyzed for each sample. An additional study was performed on one of the MAA reagent kit brands, using five vials from each of five different lot numbers to determine the variability between lots. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long axis (maximum, micron), short axis (minimum, micron), and the area (micron 2) of each MAA particle. RESULTS: One MAA brand had the lowest percentage of unacceptable MAA particle sizes and maintained consistent particle sizes between vials. However, the same MAA reagent kit brand showed that only two of five lots had a low percentage of MAA particle sizes below the 10-micron limit. CONCLUSION: Particle sizes varied among the five different brands of MAA reagent kits, as did different lots of the best-performing kit. This variability in particle sizes may affect the accuracy and reproducibility of pulmonary shunt patient studies.
OBJECTIVE: To assess commercial macroaggregated albumin (MAA) reagent kits for compliance with particle-size parameters needed for proper clinical evaluation of pulmonary shunts (right-to-left). DESIGN: Comparative trial. SETTING: Nuclear pharmacy (laboratory setting). PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS: Minimally, 90% of the particles contained within an MAA reagent kit should be within the 10 to 90 microns range with minimal variation in particle size distribution and as few small particles (i.e., < 10 microns) as possible. Five separate vials from five commercial brands of MAA reagent kits were obtained, and 500 to 517 particles were analyzed for each sample. An additional study was performed on one of the MAA reagent kit brands, using five vials from each of five different lot numbers to determine the variability between lots. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long axis (maximum, micron), short axis (minimum, micron), and the area (micron 2) of each MAA particle. RESULTS: One MAA brand had the lowest percentage of unacceptable MAA particle sizes and maintained consistent particle sizes between vials. However, the same MAA reagent kit brand showed that only two of five lots had a low percentage of MAA particle sizes below the 10-micron limit. CONCLUSION: Particle sizes varied among the five different brands of MAA reagent kits, as did different lots of the best-performing kit. This variability in particle sizes may affect the accuracy and reproducibility of pulmonary shunt patient studies.
Authors: Weiguo Li; Zhuoli Zhang; Andrew C Gordon; Jeane Chen; Jodi Nicolai; Robert J Lewandowski; Reed A Omary; Andrew C Larson Journal: Radiology Date: 2015-08-27 Impact factor: 11.105
Authors: Britt Kunnen; Martijn M A Dietze; Arthur J A T Braat; Marnix G E H Lam; Max A Viergever; Hugo W A M de Jong Journal: Med Phys Date: 2020-01-20 Impact factor: 4.071
Authors: Ross W Stephens; Gregory D Tredwell; Karen J Knox; Lee A Philip; David W King; Kelly M Debono; Jessica L Bell; Tim J Senden; Marcel R Tanudji; Jillean G Winter; Stephanie A Bickley; Michael J Tapner; Stephen K Jones Journal: Int J Nanomedicine Date: 2019-01-31