[Morphofunctional characteristics of human immune system in surgical stress].

Morphofunctional aspects of the immune system (spleen, Peyer's patches, peripheral blood) were studied in patients with essential hypertension, rheumatic lesions of the heart and rheumatic patients after surgery. Surgical intervention caused considerable immunodepression. The entire system of coordinated functioning of immune organs got impaired. Immunodepressive restructuring of lymphoid organs affects all the structural units. Changes of the vascular-stromal complex are accompanied by changes in the most sensitive and complex mechanisms of the immune system such as vascular endothelium and population of progenitor cells. Metabolic basis transport and synthesis in the endothelium are perversed. In the progenitor cells proliferative activity of lymphocytes was sharply decreased while there was an increase in the function of suppressor T-lymphocytes. It is concluded that desynchronization of enzyme functioning in the vascular component of both the spleen and lymphoid system of the intestine can be regarded as a sign of disintegration of the entire system of immune organs during stress caused by a surgical intervention.