Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Controlled Insertion of Benzyne-Benzyne-Alkene and Benzyne-Alkyne-Alkene-Synthesis of Phenanthrene and Naphthalene Derivatives.

Aryne reagents, unlike alkynes, undergo insertion by allyl palladium complexes. The verification of the conversion described here is shown using Equation (1) as an example. The reaction proceeds in a few hours in refluxing acetonitrile to give the phenanthrene derivative in up to 71 % yield.