Information technology and under-served communities.

Advances in information technology (IT) and telecommunications offer many potential benefits to Australia's under-served communities. However, there is also a risk that some of these communities will only be further disadvantaged, as IT will not contribute greatly to bringing groups such as the mentally ill and illiterate into the mainstream of the community. However, other under-served groups may experience service improvements. For people who do not have English as their first language, IT developments provide opportunities for cheaper and easier service and information delivery in their own languages. Telemedicine and IT also have the potential to make working in rural areas more attractive. On the other hand, telemedicine may be used as a means to bypass local health service providers, as has happened with other service industries. The health sector, though, is well behind these other industries in adopting IT and telecommunications. The growth of telemedicine projects is one indication that progress is being made, however. Two case studies--of telepsychiatry, and of medical education at Flinders University--provide examples of major Australian successes. The medical workforce implications will involve the overall numbers and mix of practitioners, their geographical distribution, changing professional boundaries and changing skill requirements. The only certain effect is that if IT changes the nature of medical work, large numbers of medical practitioners will need to improve their computer skills and older practitioners will find this most difficult.