Surface micropatterning to regulate cell functions.

The current technology available for surface microfabrication with macromolecules to regulate cell functions is reviewed. Surface topology, and surface modification with hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers, electrically charged polymers, stimuli-responsive macromolecules, polysaccharide, and proteins involving adhesion or growth factors are discussed. These surface-microfabricatec biomaterials had the ability to regulate cell functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.