Quantitative assessment of subendometrial blood flow by three-dimensional-ultrasound is an important predictive factor of implantation in an in-vitro fertilization programme.

This study was designed to investigate the role of three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler sonography of the (sub-) endometrial area on the first day of ovarian stimulation in predicting the outcome of an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programme. Among the 75 cycles analysed, the overall pregnancy rate was 20% (15/75) per cycle and 23.8% (15/63) per embryo transfer. Intra-observer variability of the colour histogram was checked in 14 patients with the results demonstrating a high level of agreement. Neither endometrial measurements nor uterine blood flow were correlated with the pregnancy rate. In contrast, all 3D indices were significantly lower in conception compared with non-conception cycles (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis found the subendometrial flow index to be the strongest predictive factor of IVF success among the tested sonographic parameters (P = 0.04). In conclusion, quantitative assessment of spiral artery blood flow may be of predictive value for implantation in IVF cycles even before ovarian stimulation therapy is started.