BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated short-term effects of intra-articular lead on joint structures in an animal model. We now present histopathologic findings in animals studied over a more extended period. METHODS: Twelve female New Zealand White rabbits had identical lead or stainless steel pellets, or a sham arthrotomy (without implant) inserted in both front knees. The rabbits were killed 4 at a time at 6, 10, and 14 weeks after implantation, and the knee joint structures were evaluated histologically for changes in the synovium, articular cartilage, and meniscus. RESULTS: Histology of the tibial articular surface, femoral articular surface, medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, and synovium showed greater signs of degeneration in the knees with lead implants than controls at all time periods. CONCLUSION: Intrasynovial lead, which does not undergo fibrous encapsulation, has been linked to lead intoxication. Clinical and experimental reports support removal of lead bodies from articular areas in an attempt reduce or slow the degeneration of affected joints. Nonmechanical effects of lead on intraarticular structures may lead to degenerative changes
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated short-term effects of intra-articular lead on joint structures in an animal model. We now present histopathologic findings in animals studied over a more extended period. METHODS: Twelve female New Zealand White rabbits had identical lead or stainless steel pellets, or a sham arthrotomy (without implant) inserted in both front knees. The rabbits were killed 4 at a time at 6, 10, and 14 weeks after implantation, and the knee joint structures were evaluated histologically for changes in the synovium, articular cartilage, and meniscus. RESULTS: Histology of the tibial articular surface, femoral articular surface, medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, and synovium showed greater signs of degeneration in the knees with lead implants than controls at all time periods. CONCLUSION: Intrasynovial lead, which does not undergo fibrous encapsulation, has been linked to lead intoxication. Clinical and experimental reports support removal of lead bodies from articular areas in an attempt reduce or slow the degeneration of affected joints. Nonmechanical effects of lead on intraarticular structures may lead to degenerative changes
Authors: Jonathan D Holz; Eric Beier; Tzong-Jen Sheu; Resika Ubayawardena; Meina Wang; Erik R Sampson; Randy N Rosier; Michael Zuscik; J Edward Puzas Journal: J Orthop Res Date: 2012-04-19 Impact factor: 3.494
Authors: Mustafa T Yıldızgören; Ali E Baki; Murat Kara; Timur Ekiz; Tülay Tiftik; Engin Tutkun; Hınç Yılmaz; Levent Özçakar Journal: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol Date: 2014-09-24 Impact factor: 5.563
Authors: Florian Meirer; Bernhard Pemmer; Giancarlo Pepponi; Norbert Zoeger; Peter Wobrauschek; Simone Sprio; Anna Tampieri; Joerg Goettlicher; Ralph Steininger; Stefan Mangold; Paul Roschger; Andrea Berzlanovich; Jochen G Hofstaetter; Christina Streli Journal: J Synchrotron Radiat Date: 2011-01-20 Impact factor: 2.616