Isolation and mapping of a human lung-specific gene, TSA1902, encoding a novel chitinase family member.

Using differential display technique, we have isolated a novel human gene expressed specifically in the lung. Two forms of the gene, designated TSA1902, were transcribed by alternate mRNA splicing. The transcribed mRNAs, termed TSA1902-L and TSA1902-S, putatively encode proteins of 368 and 315 amino acids, respectively, which show high similarity to human chitotriosidase protein. The N-terminal region of TSA1902-L protein contains the conserved active site residues (DXXDXDXE) of the catalytic center of various chitinases which are essential for chitinase activity. The deduced protein sequence of TSA1902-S, however, does not possess this active site, with the N-terminal 54 amino acids present in TSA1902-L protein having been deleted. Both proteins lacked the secretory sequence of N-termini and, judging from the hydropathy profile, may be soluble proteins in the cytoplasm. Chromosomal mapping by radiation hybrid analysis localized this gene to the chromosome 1p13.1-p21.3.