[Fate of the Viennese Jewish pediatricians 1938-1945].

The article summarizes the first results of an attempt to reconstruct the destinies of the Jewish pediatricians of Vienna after the German occupation of Austria in March 1938. Traditionally pediatrics in Vienna were characterized by a high percentage of Jewish specialists. In 1938 they were confronted with abrupt humiliations and persecutions by the sudden introduction of the Nazi racial laws. The paper describes the foregoing, developments in Germany since 1933 and analyses the fates of 96 pediatric specialists of Vienna, who were affected by these events.