BACKGROUND: Nosocomial outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB) have been attributed to unrecognized pulmonary TB. Accurate assessment in identifying index cases of active TB is essential in preventing transmission of the disease. OBJECTIVES: To develop an artificial neural network using clinical and radiographic information to predict active pulmonary TB at the time of presentation at a health-care facility that is superior to physicians' opinion. DESIGN: Nonconcurrent prospective study. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A derivation group of 563 isolation episodes and a validation group of 119 isolation episodes. INTERVENTIONS: A general regression neural network (GRNN) was used to develop the predictive model. MEASUREMENTS: Predictive accuracy of the neural network compared with clinicians' assessment. RESULTS: Predictive accuracy was assessed by the c-index, which is equivalent to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The GRNN significantly outperformed the physicians' prediction, with calculated c-indices (+/- SEM) of 0.947 +/- 0.028 and 0.61 +/- 0.045, respectively (p < 0.001). When the GRNN was applied to the validation group, the corresponding c-indices were 0. 923 +/- 0.056 and 0.716 +/- 0.095, respectively. CONCLUSION: An artificial neural network can identify patients with active pulmonary TB more accurately than physicians' clinical assessment.
BACKGROUND: Nosocomial outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB) have been attributed to unrecognized pulmonary TB. Accurate assessment in identifying index cases of active TB is essential in preventing transmission of the disease. OBJECTIVES: To develop an artificial neural network using clinical and radiographic information to predict active pulmonary TB at the time of presentation at a health-care facility that is superior to physicians' opinion. DESIGN: Nonconcurrent prospective study. SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A derivation group of 563 isolation episodes and a validation group of 119 isolation episodes. INTERVENTIONS: A general regression neural network (GRNN) was used to develop the predictive model. MEASUREMENTS: Predictive accuracy of the neural network compared with clinicians' assessment. RESULTS: Predictive accuracy was assessed by the c-index, which is equivalent to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The GRNN significantly outperformed the physicians' prediction, with calculated c-indices (+/- SEM) of 0.947 +/- 0.028 and 0.61 +/- 0.045, respectively (p < 0.001). When the GRNN was applied to the validation group, the corresponding c-indices were 0. 923 +/- 0.056 and 0.716 +/- 0.095, respectively. CONCLUSION: An artificial neural network can identify patients with active pulmonary TB more accurately than physicians' clinical assessment.
Authors: Fábio S Aguiar; Rodrigo C Torres; João V F Pinto; Afrânio L Kritski; José M Seixas; Fernanda C Q Mello Journal: Med Biol Eng Comput Date: 2016-03-25 Impact factor: 2.602
Authors: Juan P Wisnivesky; Denise Serebrisky; Carlton Moore; Henry S Sacks; Michael C Iannuzzi; Thomas McGinn Journal: J Gen Intern Med Date: 2005-10 Impact factor: 5.128
Authors: J Lucian Davis; William Worodria; Harriet Kisembo; John Z Metcalfe; Adithya Cattamanchi; Michael Kawooya; Rachel Kyeyune; Saskia den Boon; Krista Powell; Richard Okello; Samuel Yoo; Laurence Huang Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-03-26 Impact factor: 3.240