Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: a review.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been recently used for body composition analysis in dialysis patients. It is based on the principle that X-rays passed through various body tissues have different attenuation and, therefore, can be differentiated. By using X-rays at two different energy levels, better tissue differentiation is possible compared with single energy systems. This article will review the evolution of DXA scanners and the role DXA has in assessing body composition in dialysis patients. Overall, this technique has excellent precision and holds promise for use in the serial evaluation of body composition and nutritional evaluation of dialysis patients.