Dissociation of polyvalent electrolytes.

Understanding of the dissociation mechanism for polyvalent electrolytes remains a matter of critical importance. Different theoretical approaches could result in different values for the microscopic parameters of the system under analysis, as well as for its integral characteristics (such as conductivity and buffering power). A unified classification of dissociation schemes is proposed here. Some examples of hybrid type schemes are considered and the expressions relating the macroscopic and microscopic constants are given. The possibility of applying the equation of Linderstrøm-Lang to multi-dissociating systems with non-constant total concentration is considered. The problem of proton binding curves (so-called titration curves) modeling is discussed.